So, most heavily taxed country? Don't make me cringe! And I know that several scandinavian countries are taxed a lot heavier than we are. Norway too I believe,
Yes, that is correct, however, the total picture is a tad more complex. To give the end answer first - an average Norwegian pays LESS in taxes during his lifetime that what he/she recieves in various public services through his/hers life.
To give you some rough numbers:
Tax on an average salary (equivalent of US$ 55-60k) would be around 25% (give or take some depending on actual salary, deductables etc). This includes social security.
VAT on pretty much every goods and service purchased: 25%. Some categories have a lower rate and a very few are exempt.
Tax on cars, fuel for the car, alcohol and tobacco: High (dont know the exact rates, but that shit is expensive over here)
The tax burden is, however, just one part of the equation. In return you get free health care, very subsidized day care for kids, cash for kids under 18, free schooling, free university education, a guaranteed minimu pension, maternty leave, paterneti leave, 12(?) sick days per year when kids are sick, 3 times 3 (?) own sick days per year without loss of pay, good social security if unable to work/can't find a job etcetcetc. So while we pay more taxes, some serious costs of running a life / a family don't really apply here as its provided as a public service for free or at very subsidized rates. Health care and higher educatin being the most obvious, both which are virtually free. Think I paid like 100 bucks per years in some adminsitrative fee to the university, and that was it (housing and living expenses come in addition, of course).
Also, the Norwegian income tax is rather progressive so the more you make, less the percantage you take home. Top marginal rate is just south of 50% and kicks in at around US$ 125.000 or so. And we have tax on wealth, which makes the 4% rule not quite apply over here.
If you have a salary of US$200k here, no other income and zero deductibles your actual tax rate would be 40% including social security contribution.
If you make 1 million / year the tax rate would be 45%
Capital gains are taxed at a flat rate, for equity gains its around 30%. There are however ways to postpone this for many, many years, especially if investing in funds that don't pay any dividends but reinvest them.