But do good schools really mean a better education or better school experience for your kids? Will I be doing my kids disservice by sending him to a 3/10 (academic rating) school vs moving to a different neighborhood with 9/10 school?
There seems to be an assumption that it's the responsibility of the school system to educate our kids, and then we're crawling further out on that limb by assuming that we can actually determine the quality of the school's education by their "rankings".
Some of the "good" schools get that way by groupthink or a virtuous circle. (Hey, whatever works.) A school gets a good reputation, so parents bid up the local real estate to live there. The tax base rises, and the parents confirm the wisdom of their decision by getting more involved in the school. The school gets better if for no other reason than parents are paying more attention (and money) to it.
Other schools are "good" because their demographics are easy. The neighborhood is generally wealthy, the kids all speak a common language (like English), and the teachers are treated well by the administration. Sounds pretty rare to me.
I think the quality of a kid's education is based on four things:
1. They're happy at the school. Some kids would be happy at any school, others just aren't suited for any school environment.
2. The parents are involved: taking an interest in the kid's academics (and homework), showing up at the school, engaging the teachers, volunteering for field trips. There seems to be a correlation between the school knowing the parents and the school paying more attention to the kids.
3. How many AP classes the district high school offers. Hawaii teachers get paid extra for qualifying to grade AP exams and teach AP classes, so the best teachers tend to gravitate toward the schools offering more AP classes.
4. How close you live to the school. We've mostly lived within a mile of our kid's school. It made it easy for her to stay after for teacher help, study groups, extracurricular activities, and socializing. It also made it easier for her to be totally responsible for getting there on time and for remembering to bring home all her materials. "Oh, you forgot your physics book? Better hustle your bike over there before it rains-- bye!"
Hawaii has an undeservedly poor reputation for its public schools, and parents make huge sacrifices to get their kids into private schools. It's hard to tell that those sacrifices are worth it. Meanwhile our kid graduated at the top of one of the the island's largest public schools (along with ~40 other "top" kids) and is holding her own at one of the nation's top engineering schools. It's hard to do a double-blind control study of what really makes a student succeed at a school, but those four factors seem to be pretty important-- both by their presence and by their absence.
In addition to the above our kid was very interested in Kumon (both math & reading), so we supported it. We focused on her taking the right AP classes in high school for the college majors she wanted. We found a sport that that balanced her academic workload and her free time-- taekwondo instead of high-school basketball. I'm pretty sure the black belt gave her a bonus point or two on her college application, and it was a lot easier to stand out that way than to be the top basketball player.
We also gave her the illusion of choice, which forced her to commit to her decisions. When she'd come home all pissed off about some school project or teen drama or angst, then I'd reassure her:
Me: "It's OK, honey, if you don't like school then you don't have to go there anymore."
Her: (Incredulously) "No sh- I mean, really Dad?!? Thanks!!"
Me: "Sure! We'll start 'Dad's Homeschool' tomorrow, and I think you'll be a lot happier with a 1:1 teacher-student ratio. But we can homeschool your friends here too, if you want."
Her: "Um, thanks, Dad, but, gee, I think I'll see how tomorrow goes... I'll let you know..."