My dad has a farm, and occasionally needs additional space for storing stuff/working in. He has erected several tent like structures to do this . . . they've got some sort of metal tubular frame and then a heavy duty canvas that wraps overtop. With a space heater, it's warm enough to work in during the winter. Doing something like this would get you the space you need to work and has to be a lot cheaper than building a permanent garage, probably under a grand. And it would be portable for you to take with you when you leave your current place. Might be worth checking out.
They look something like this:
Although the ones that dad uses have a regular sized side door so you don't have to open a giant flap every time you want to come in/out.
At first I thought this idea was terrible but given how many tools are cordless these days that could get you about 80% of a real woodshop.
Table saw, miter saw, router, track saw, jig saw, biscuit joiner, etc.
Granted, the mainstays in a bonafide shop are the jointer and planer but if you use a cordless power planer to flatten one side you can use a lunchbox planer to take care of the rest. That's just about the only tool you'd need to plug in.
If I were OP I'd be grabbing one of these janky ass tents and sending a similar amount of money to DeWalt. I say Dewalt because they are the best platform for a scenario like this - Makita lacks the cordless table saw though it has a biscuit joiner. I prefer Makita and Milwaukee and Bosch over Dewalt but Dewalt isn't bad and covers your needs really well.
Then you can build a Ron Paulk style workbench or something like that and you're off to the races and you can take it all with you if you need to leave.
I'd also give Dewalt's Tstaks high marks for relatively affordable modularity (compared to festool/tanos). Get the tstak dolly and you could easily bring your more valuable and easily theftable tools inside at night to keep them secure.