the party in power typically does not get as much implemented as they want to, which should be comforting to the minority party.
There's a cheap, fun and frustrating computer game called
Democracy 3. Playing it teaches you some important things.
It has a couple of concepts: political capital, which you get from having certain people in your Cabinet, people who broadly represent certain interest groups (like "commuters" or "families" or whatever), and putting in policies that favour those groups gives you more capital from them, but each policy costs political capital. So let's say you build roads, this helps the "motorist" group, so your capital from Bob in the Cabinet who represents motorists goes up from 4 to 4.5, but maybe the "commuter" representative Charlie is upset and his capital goes from 4 to 3.5, what about the people using trains, man? If he loses enough political capital, he actually resigns from Cabinet - "In good conscience, I can no longer support this government!" and you have to replace him, which also costs political capital.
It's an abstraction of letters to MPs and Senate ratification processes and lobby groups and all that.
And things cost different amounts of capital, so for example subsidising trains might cost 1, but building a national monorail system might cost 20.
Whatever you do will help some things and hurt others. For example, let's say you're worried about public health, and you trace all the causes and effects and realise smoking is a big contributor to poor health. Cool, just raise taxes on smokes! Great, the smoking rate has gone down, but what's this? Poverty is rising, why? You look and realise... some of the poor gave up smokes, but some are still smoking, even at the cost of not paying bills and buying food. "They're stupid and should be more responsible!" Yes, but... they're not being responsible, so poverty is now worse overall. Alright, you say, let's make food cheaper for them and raise the food stamps funding. Bugger, now that $50 billion you raised from tobacco tax, $30 billion of it has gone to food stamps, WTF, how am I ever going to balance the budget?!
So you quickly learn three things,
1. you can't do everything,
2. it's easier to do a bunch of small things than 1-2 big things, and
3. whatever you do, you'll piss someone off; sometimes you'll find yourself doing things you don't really like just to placate some group of idiots who currently are ready to string you up
A friend of mine is an academic and actually uses this game in his business class to help explain how the world works. It's rare for first-terms to get re-elected, he says, they need to play a few rounds to figure out this annoying thing... compromise.
Once you've played it a bit you start understanding why the big things aren't getting done as promised, and why some relatively trivial things are being presented as a big deal.