I think I know what you are describing, and I might have a solution. If it's a typical fixture with a glass dome, and center mounted nut the supports the glass, the following should also be true, and sound familiar to you, based on removing the glass from your other fixtures. You might want to take another one apart to see if this makes sense. The knob on the bottom is a threaded onto a hollow tube called a fixture nipple. This nipple is screwed into a flat strap that crosses the electrical box. So, it makes sense that threaded hole in the flat strap, or even the nipple is stripped, AND the situation may be even more difficult if there is a nut on the back side of the strap, preventing the nipple from unscrewing.
I would take a large pair of pliers, grab the nut on the bottom of the glass and pull straight down, hard! This should deform the strap enough that you get some play on the nipple. Now push the glass up and see if you have a 1/4" of nipple showing. Try and grab this with a needle nose pliers and then unscrew the nut on the bottom while using the needle nose to keep the nipple from spinning.
Remember to turn the power off at the breaker and wear eye protection, and gloves, as this whole process might result in things like ripping the fixture strap off the box, or shattering the glass. In the end you might have to go with plan B, that being carefully destroying the glass, but my idea might just work. Good luck and be safe.
Don't forget the golden rule of repair. "If you can't fix it with a hammer, or duct tape, it's probably an electrical problem"