What this conversation reenforces for me is that when you take any single value/virtue to an extreme you get some pretty bizarre conclusions. Happily, your views are in an extreme minority and unlikely to influence my life or those I care about :)
Now this is a really ironic thing for a Mustachian to be saying. In case you haven't noticed, the western world continues to overconsume in happy ignorance of us, and whenever the general public finds out about us, they pretty much laugh us off as nutjobs.
If your argument is that, "You're in the extreme minority and you take your philosophical views to their logical ends, therefore you're nuts and I shouldn't bother taking your views seriously," I think you really lack in open-mindedness.
Don't worry, there are plenty of shitty ideas out there that can be ignored or disregarded long before you get to any interesting extremes, but that's largely because of internal inconsistencies. Here's one commonly found among American left wingers--the death penalty and concealed carry ought to be outlawed... but it's okay to abort a viable fetus. An internal inconsistency common to right wingers is that the US is a "Christian nation" (whatever that means) despite the very clear language of the First Amendment. You rarely find such stark inconsistencies among libertarians and anarcho-capitalists.
In any case, I am perfectly content with being in an extreme minority. After all, I am a Mustachian, and I am also an atheist, I also believe in equal rights for gay people and women, which puts me in the severe minority when you consider all peoples in all times. Apart from that, when you consider the shocking philosophical victories minorities have won, such as the Civil Rights movement, and increasingly marijuana legalization, suddenly being a philosophical minority isn't such a bad thing. Furthermore, history is on the side of the libertarians, as we have seen, in the past few centuries, the following trends: the end of legal slavery, motions toward ending military conscription, motions towards ending war, the concealed carry revolution in the US, and others.
What is a crime in this society?
I'll let Mr.Macinstache speak for himself, but I'd like to address this question.
What ought to be crimes in such a society are things that clearly violate or infringe on the rights of other people. The saying, "your right to swing your fist ends at my nose," is quite apt here. Libertarians tend to believe in something called the non-aggression principle, which means that you don't aggress against other people. We are not necessarily pacifists, but if you violate the rights of another person except for in a matter of self-defense or defense of property, you're not compatible with libertarianism.
Practically speaking, here are a few examples of what libertarians tend to believe.
Prostitution: it ought to be legal, because it doesn't involve anything but voluntary activity.
Polygamy: same as above, unless there is coercion of some sort involved.
Free expression: we take this very seriously, and support the rights of, for example, the Westboro Baptist Church to engage in their ridiculousity. On the other hand, if they enter private property and the property owner doesn't like what they're doing, the property owner is free to tell them to leave. If they don't leave, then they're violating the property rights of the property owner.
Assault: illegal. You don't get to use force or the threat of force against someone else unless they do the same against you first.
Theft: also illegal. You don't get to take someone else's property unless they agree to some form of transaction, or in some very extreme situations involving contract laws. Libertarians are completely fine with the idea of secured loans, for example.
Pollution: Now here we're getting a bit interesting. Pollution clearly does step on the toes of other people, since it demonstrably, materially affects their property and health. Unfortunately we have had a series of court decisions in the past centuries, not to mention entire industries, built around pollution. I am therefore among the libertarians who think it is entirely reasonable for those who pollute (include car drivers like you and me!) to provide redress for their harms through gasoline and carbon taxes and the like.
Drugs: should be legal. All of them. Note that this doesn't mean that we necessarily support using drugs, we just don't support locking people up for using them.
As far as national defense goes, well, firstly, it seems incomprehensible that another voluntary society would engage in a resource or land grab of some sort. Naturally there may be property disputes of some sort, but the idea of societies going to war to solve them is not realistic. I suspect that if two voluntary societies have a severe disagreement about property rights, they might: come to some understanding or agreement with one another, file claims in a mutually agreed upon institution of justice, or something like that. Frankly the answer is similar to the way western nations today solve their disagreements, except there would be a greatly reduced implied threat of military action.
I'm glad for all of these questions and all of this skepticism directed at voluntarism, but here's an idea. Try to forget that you have been brought up and taught to support the idea of "democracy" and governments, and then ask tough questions about the nature of governance to yourself. Here are a few good ones.
What do you do, in a democracy, if you are a minority of some sort, and you wish to change a law that seems to target you?
What do you do if you're not able to rally enough of the public or politicians to your cause?
As for the idea that we are a government of consent, well, just think about all the laws or procedures you don't consent to.
Let’s say a prohibitionist law was passed into effect and you had voted for the prohibitionist law or candidate. Some would say that you consented to be bound by the outcome. And if you voted against the prohibitionist law or for an antiprohibitionist candidate? Well, they would add, you participated in the procedure by which the decision was made, so you consented to be bound by the outcome. And if you didn’t vote, or didn’t even have an opinion? Well, they would add, you surely can’t complain now, since you forfeited your chance to infl uence the outcome by not voting! As the English libertarian Herbert Spencer observed a long time ago of such arguments, “curiously enough, it seems that he gave his consent in whatever way he acted—whether he said yes, whether he said no, or whether he remained neuter! A rather awkward doctrine this.” Awkward, indeed. If you always “consent,” regardless of what you actually say or do, then the term “consent” means nothing, because it means “non-consent,” as well as “consent.” When that is the case, a
word has been emptied of meaning.
So yes, the government has the consent of the governed, given that consent is a meaningless term.