This is all excellent advice, but you may need a plan first, so you don't end up with a hodge podge.
1. How much time do you realistically have to take care of your plants - veggies need watering and constant weeding and fertilizing and want to see the gardener every day to thrive and produce. Put them in the sunniest spot and don't be tempted to plant more than you can take care of, but do try a variety and see what works for you.
2. What exactly would your ideal garden look like?
3. Measure and draw a diagram. Decide where the best spots for your bench and bird bath or dining area will be.
3. Make a list of your favorite plants - then find out if they thrive where you live. Start with those.
4. YouTube is an excellent resource - for all garden questions and visual how-to's.
5. The best gardens are those that fit your lifestyle - plant a circle of scented bushes around your outdoor dining space.
6. If you have space for a small tree - try to find one that either bears fruit or blooms or both:)
7. Have a plan before you accept random garden gifts - free is nice, but a garden mish mash of plants will do nothing for your garden.
Think about designated areas for compost, dog run, quietly reading a book, a hidden secret space is always fun, clothes line? - a mini storage shed for all those tools and implements, potting area ....
... and my last, best tip for attracting butterflies, plant a variety of zinnias, they come in all colors, shapes and sizes. The butterflies prefer the simple old fashioned zinnias.
Mustachian tip - our Lowes has an area for clearance plants, usually 50% - always worth a look.
Enjoy your green space!:)