Sounds to me like you failed at the technical screen. It likely was the technical recruiter's decision, and you either (a) failed to demonstrate that you could meet some job expectation she had, or (b) you were a marginal match for this position and they found several other strong contenders. Although if it were the latter, I think the company would probably string you along in case none of the strong contenders worked out.
At the technical screener level, it's usually more about X, Y, Z skills and less about conversation flow and how you get along.
Although the technical screener sometimes is a member of the team and if they aren't able to get along with you in the technical screen then they can urge a veto, and if they're a team lead they can almost ensure a veto.
I doubt the hiring manager had much input, honestly. Hiring managers are usually very busy people, so they delegate what they can to the HR people and the technical screener, and unless they knew you personally they would be unlikely to override the technical screener's opinion. If you were right on the edge, I can imagine the hiring manager discussing whether or not to continue with the technical screener maybe. But usually the hiring manager would say to the tech screener, find me 3 or 5 strong candidates for me to interview or to bring onsite for a full interview, and then leave it up to them.
I would also say that often the job descriptions aren't excellent, and the tech screener probably asked the hiring manager what they were looking for and needed, and then added questions to their list based on that. So the job description may have listed X, Y, Z skillset which you have, but the hiring manager also wants A, B, C skillset, which the tech screener asked you about in addition to X, Y, Z. Maybe you didn't demonstrate that you had C skillset. Sometimes C can be a soft skill like negotiation or leadership or customer facing experience. One throwaway question about "Did you ever talk much with customers in your job?" and a "Not much." and you could be done, especially if there are stronger candidates out there. Or it could have been the Windows/Linux thing, depending on how you answered it - if you just said flat out that you hadn't done Windows, then that would have been less ideal than "No, but I've been studying Windows app stuff on my own" or "No, but I'm a quick learner and really motivated to succeed". (Maybe that's too basic and you already know that - if so, apologies.)
It was never common in my experience to have the hiring manager do a "5 minute not gonna work out" courtesy call. More commonly, you're just told what the next steps in the process will be if you make it, and if you don't, then crickets and maybe a form letter from corporate HR when the position is filled by someone else. So your experience so far in that regard strikes me as unusual. Because it's unusual, I would suggest not taking it personally if you don't get that phone call...just move on to the next opportunity.
(I was an R&D hiring manager for five years at a Fortune 500 tech company, and I also worked as an engineer in R&D at two Fortune 500 tech companies and a number of smaller places for about 17 years before that. Been FIREd for about 4 years now.)