First, keep enough accessible cash as an emergency fund.
After that, I am a huge fan of tax-sheltered accounts -- 401(k)s, HSAs, IRAs, etc. The thing about these accounts is that you have a limited amount of money you can throw at them each year, and if you don't take advantage of that space, you can't make up for it by contributing more in future years. And I would argue that that tax-advantaged space is the most important early in your career, when your investments will have the most time to grow and turn into lots more money. This calculus changes if someone has high-interest debts, but that's not you.
So in your specific situation, I would do the following:
1. Set aside $1-2K from your starting bonus and/or construction job to cover any moving/startup costs and to provide a mini-EF.
2. Use any extra construction income/starting bonus/windfall you can spare to begin funding your 2018 IRA.
3. Begin paying the minimums on your student loans when they come due.
4. Once you start your new job, set up automatic paycheck withdrawals to get as close as you can to maxing out the 401(k) and HSA (if you have one) in 2018.
5. Throw any extra cash at your 2018 IRA to try to max that out, too.*
Then beginning in January and for subsequent years, I would:
1. Adjust your automatic paycheck withdrawals so you max out the 401(k) and HSA over the course of the entire year.
2. Set up automatic withdrawals from your bank account to (i) max out your IRA over the course of the year, and (ii) send maybe another $100/mo to the EF (for as many months/years as you need to get it funded to the point you are comfortable with).
3. If you still have extra money left over after funding those things and paying your living expenses, throw that extra money at the loans.
There are lots of details that you can dive into if you want -- e.g., maybe this year you want to do a Roth IRA instead of a tIRA, because your income will be significantly lower. The most important thing is: don't let the perfect be the enemy of the good. What is going to make you succeed is putting as much money as possible toward something that will improve your net worth; the decision of what money you put where and when is trivial by comparison. So despite my obviously correct :-) advice above, you should pick whichever option feels right to you and just go do it -- any of these options will put you far ahead of the vast majority of your peers.
*Note that you actually have until April 2019 to fund your 2018 IRA. That is why I am listing this below the 401(k)/HSA option on the priority list: I assume you will be able to fund everything, but you might not be able to do it all at once, as you'll only have 4 months to max out the 401(k) and HSA. So if you need to prioritize for cashflow reasons, start by maxing those two accounts, because they close off as of 12/31/18, and then finish up the 2018 the IRA in the first part of 2019.
