Great discussions!
@ooeei helped me understand that my "number" (ratio of total investments to annual expenses) is 1/SWR where the SWR does not include the 2.5% for Zakat. Okay, that makes sense now and the universe is back in balance. Whew. 67x is indeed a high number, but to be honest, I think anyone who can achieve FI is not the type who will be sucking 100% off the dividends, I think they'll still be earning money, just earning it from things they WANT to spend their time on (which is a precious asset). [edit: meaning, I don't need 67x, unless I want to be superduper conservative.]
@freezenow has an answer I like -- the variable SWR. Again, supplementing dividends with income as an FIer shouldn't be difficult.
@Butterfingers, I'm sure you're right, and there are several more benefits to giving. As for fatwas, it's important to get a valid statistical sample of the many that are out there and then base a personal decision on knowledge and the heart with pureness of intention. <3
@Lucky Girl: Thanks <3 I've been trying to calculate this out and it hurts my head (and I'm an engineer with DiffEq Fu). I'm planning to talk with a financial wiz at work about this, to try and get an economic model for it. I'll definitely share if I'm successful.
Back to @ooeei: About owning rental properties, I spoke with a good friend I trust has comprehensive knowledge about this subject. Not sure how exactly this might relate, but he said there's the situation of a family who's cash poor but land rich. So how do they pay Zakat? If the land is something they live on and/or make income from, no problem, it's not "Zakatable." But if it's land they intend to sell someday in the future, then their Zakat is paid when they sell the property but they have to pay Zakat from each year they held the land. Say it increase in value from 100 to 500 over five years, they owe Zakat for each of those five years. It can be complicated: do you use a linear rate of increase or something else? So, for the rental property, it very well could be that if the intention is to live on it someday, say as a retirement home, then the person may not owe Zakat on it but if it's purely for rental income then it's an asset and probably Zakatable. A person could go this route to "back load" the Zakat, if that's what they want to do. I'm not 100% confident on all this yet. One more example: if the intention is to live on it but you never do and eventually, with a sad heart, you have to sell it to pay for a medical treatment. Probably you owe Zakat only on whatever is left over after paying your medical bills, not an amount for each year it was held. Staching your assets into that property was not your primary intention.
@Le Dérisoire: That's a good point. If a person has to eat their principle (investment) into old age then yes, the Zakat amount will decrease each year. I'm hoping I can live on the dividends and my investment grows and continues to grow after I'm gone (or it helps my family with education or medical expenses). But real estate as a shelter apparently doesn't help, from what I've been told so far. Hmmm, new question: after I'm gone and I've left this endowment, do I still have to pay Zakat each year? hahaha.
I can appreciate that paying 2.5% on total assets each year can seem a burden. There are so many ways to look at it and I think that's one of the points of it being an obligation, no avoiding it. What does it bring up in each person as they calculate and pay this money? What is their motivation or intent? What are the benefits or intangibles? It's fascinating (to me) to think about and to be frank, and I'm not trying to show off any badassity or anything, but I'm looking forward to having this burden because it means I can afford it and hopefully it'll help.
Thanks so much for all the excellent input!!
[edit/addendum] @ooeei: Sorry, I missed your questions. Good questions BTW. Social Security is interesting, I know is kind of like a 401K, but since you can't get your hands on it all (try asking the gubmint fer all yer contributions), it's not Zakatable as an asset. If you stache away your SSI payments away each year, then yes, that part is. As for an incentive to spend everything you have and not hold any money, that's perfectly valid. That means you are putting your money into circulation, which is fine. Maybe not wise, but acceptable. The objective is to dissuade people from hoarding their money and not making it available to others to help them (investing in a business or paying someone for the labors, for examples). Whatever floats a person's boat, just don't hoard it and take it out of circulation, give a little back and let it work. Oh, and Nisab isn't applicable here, since we're assuming FI. It's not an amount that's deducted from the assets, just a threshold above which Zakat is obligatory.