Seems like the way to combat this is to stop at step #1 and not send anyone money.
Sure. Obviously!
People are way more afraid of random checks than they need to be. People are constantly asking me if it’s ok to cash checks. Very few scammed parties ever ask me if it’s ok to send someone money though!
One of the most common tax scams right now involves scammers from the “IRS” demanding you pay your taxes with Apple gift cards. And people do it.
A variation on the check scam that people are far more likely to encounter than random checks in the mail:
1. You apply for a job. It seems like a legit work from home opportunity.
2. They send you a check to buy a laptop and other equipment.
3. The check is for more than you need, so they ask you to send them the remainder.
3b. The job falls through and they ask you to send the laptop.
4. The check bounces. You have no job and are out the money.
This one works on people because they want the job to work out and the interview process has built trust.