I do my taxes as a running tally throughout the year. For example 2014 is already done and will simply adjust as income varies or deductions become more precise.
The upside here is that there are no surprises and I can maximize last minute tax things in December. Downside is that any refund is already included in the budget as saved or spent so I never get to ponder what to do with this particular windfall. :(
Curious as to how to do this? I have fluctuating overtime plus all my itemized deductions. I would like to learn how to do this so that I could use my money weekly to pay debt rather than rely on large refund. I already adjusted my withholding based on income calculators online. So far they were pretty close but no idea how bad this will hit me at end of year. I am sure I will still get a refund though. Less than $2k I'm sure.
I have an excel spreadsheet with the calculations in it. It certainly helps that my wife and I are salaried and the income doesn't fluctuate much.
I take each month worth of paystubs and enter W-2 income and Federal tax withheld in columns for each of us. (W-2 Income is what's left after HSA, FSA, medical insurance, 401k, defined contribution, and disability insurance for us.).
Then I add up all the other income for Gross Income
Subtract Student Loan Interest, Tuition expense, and any non payroll HSA contributions.
This is your AGI.
"From AGI" is your number of exemptions X $3,900 plus either the standard deduction or itemized deductions. Summed and taken away from AGI gives you:
Taxable Income.
Use the IRS charts to calculate the tax owed (easy). For Married filing jointly with $60,000 in taxable income the math is: $1,785+ 0.15*(60,000-17,850)
2013 tables:
https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tools/tax-tips/IRS-Tax-Return/2013-Federal-Tax-Rate-Schedules/INF12044.htmlThen, since I have 2 kids, I take away $2000 for child tax credit and have to calculate the Dependent Care Credit.
For this the calculation uses $3000 per child minus any dependent care FSA contributions you made. Then you multiply the result by a number based on your income, 0.20 in our case. Our calculation: ((3000*2-5000)*.2).
What's left minus what was already withheld is what you owe.
Calculating exactly what the adjustment of 1 withholding allowance does to your income works similarly. Start at page 41 here:
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p15.pdf