I'm in the health care field. I would say buyer beware. If it was me and I needed an operation, I would get it done where people speak the same language as me and work within a social/legal frame work that gives them reason to care about complication rates/sterility/following best practices. Even elective stuff has complications, depending on your health you may need extensive pre-op workup. IE if you have a history of heart failure, OSA, HTN , diabetes etc.... If you just go out of country for a hip or hernia and the guy says sure I'll do it no pre op testing or clearance needed, pay cash, and you have an MI or CVA on the table who is responsible? What if you get a post op nosocomial infection, and need IV antibiotics or a stay in the ICU? What if you need removal of hardware? What if you have chronic post op pain and need to be followed long term by a specialist? What if you need post op rehab? These things happen, all the time. People need to look at the totality of the scenario, rather then just the procedure itself. Also and this is a more subtle point, you have no way to know what you are getting quality wise. I'll give an example, tissue repairs of hernias have a very high recurrence rate , it was shown a while back that a tension free mesh repair is superior with respect to recurrence, at 1-2%. However the mesh cost will increase the cost of repair. Many places in the world don't use mesh and just accept the higher recurrence rate, that is their standard. If I was going to get my hernia fixed I would want mesh, to reduce the chance I would need a second operation. If I was a lay person, unless I knew how to do a literature review, I would have no idea unless the surgeon told me, I would just think I was getting a bargain. Just one example from my specialty, I'm sure others could be made. I'm not saying not to do it, just buyer beware. If you were planning on medical tourism, you really would need to be well educated about what you are going to have done, find a good surgeon and know what the potential complications could be.