Author Topic: Retirement accounts complicated by leaving my job  (Read 1746 times)

jkitiara

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Retirement accounts complicated by leaving my job
« on: February 11, 2016, 03:02:32 PM »
One of my greatest points of pride is that I started an IRA 10 years ago when I was 25 and have contributed ever since. I used to feel so smart that I could always figure out the best way to contribute. However, I am currently confused about what to do.

At this moment, I have a 401k with work that I put just enough in to get the match. I did not contribute to my IRA last year, mostly because I couldn't deduct the taxes. However, I am leaving my job next month to procreate.

My husband is a freelancer (with an LLC) and makes around $180k. This freelance stuff is still sort of new to us. We are going to open a SEP-IRA for him and dump a wad of money in there. But what to do for me? Because neither of us will be covered by a work plan after this month, we should be able to take the full deduction if I max out my IRA in 2016 correct? Will it matter come tax time that I was covered for part of the year in 2016?

Is there something better to do? Since I will have no income next year (theoretically) must we open a spousal IRA to continue to make retirement contributions, or would it make more sense to add me to the LLC and open a SEP-IRA for me as well? I will do some of the admin work for the LLC, so we could legitimately make it into a partnership or whatever.

Thanks for any advice!

terran

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Re: Retirement accounts complicated by leaving my job
« Reply #1 on: February 11, 2016, 03:45:09 PM »
If your husband opens a SEP IRA he will have a retirement plan at work, so at his income he'll be able to make roth, but not traditional IRA contributions.

You should still be able to make deductible traditional IRA contributions, but you could be close (modified AGI of $183k. See: https://www.irs.gov/Retirement-Plans/2015-IRA-Deduction-Limits-Effect-of-Modified-AGI-on-Deduction-if-You-Are-NOT-Covered-by-a-Retirement-Plan-at-Work) depending on how much he puts in the SEP.

A better option than the SEP would be a solo 401k. As long as your husbands business consists only of owners and spouses (no other employees) he can go that route and it has higher contribution limits at lower income. At $180K net income from the business he could almost hit the absolute max on a solo 401k ($53k) at $52048, while a SEP would be limited to $34048 (see http://www.bankrate.com/calculators/retirement/self-employed-401-k-calculator.aspx). The other advantage is that unlike a SEP, a solo 401k won't mess up a backdoor roth IRA if you go over the limit for contributing directly to a Roth.

If you will legitimately be working in the business it would absolutely be a good idea to pay you for your work and use that income to also contribute to your own account in the solo 401k (despite the "solo" you should be fine since you're a spouse). three things about that:

1) make sure whatever you are paid is defensible for the work you do (what would an unrelated person be paid for that work), and

2) realize that since you will be taking some of his income that is currently over the $118.5k max on the social security part of self employment tax (12.4% I think?), you'll have to pay that while he would not, so make sure it's worth it in terms of getting that extra tax deferred space.

3) If you get in on the solo 401k you're also then covered by a retirement plan at work, so you'll both be limited to Roth IRAs. Still definitely worth it though.

You should still do the math on the tax savings vs extra self employment tax, but I think I would shoot for giving you about $19.5k of net self employment income as that would let you max out the $18k employee contribution on the solo 401k, but not much profit sharing which only lets you put in about 20% of your income. By my math if you're making $19.5k and your husband makes 160.5k then your total solo 401k contribution max would hit $66.3k. Ain't self employment great?!

*Edit* Another thing: if you're covered by an employer plan at any point during the year, I'm pretty sure it counts as being covered for the whole year, so you're probably limited to Roth for this year either way. Also, if you do get in on the solo 401k any contributions you make to your current employer's plan will count against the $18k limit, so keep that in mind too.
« Last Edit: February 11, 2016, 03:48:38 PM by terran »

jkitiara

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Re: Retirement accounts complicated by leaving my job
« Reply #2 on: February 12, 2016, 11:32:46 AM »
Wow, thanks for all the info. I had assumed that the SEP IRA was the best plan because that's what my husband's biz partner uses and didn't even really look into the solo 401k. I'll get my butt on some research now. It looks like it's too late to open a solo 401k for 2015 (you can contribute until 4/15 but has to be opened by 12/31/15), but that might be better in the long run. We'll just have to do SEP IRA this year.

I'm not too worried about reaching our max limits, since we are also saving for a house down payment at the same time. But I suppose that will be relevant for the future if we continue to make this amount of money.

terran

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Re: Retirement accounts complicated by leaving my job
« Reply #3 on: February 12, 2016, 12:56:15 PM »
You're right about the deadlines. Some solo 401k's allow incoming rollovers from IRAs (including SEPs), so you might consider opening at one of those so you roll the SEP from this year in if you ever need to do a backdoor roth. I have mine at Fidelity, which does allow rollovers (but doesn't have a Roth option, which some people want -- I don't and wouldn't recommend it at your income level unless you expect to have higher income in retirement).

Make sure you make the effective date of the solo 401k January 1, 2016 so you can contribute based on the whole year's earnings.

 

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