I'm always amazed when bigger packages have higher unit rates.
That said --- I often go to the cost per calorie and then cost per nutritious calorie formula. For instance flour and oil are the cheapest things on a per calorie basis. (sugar too) Oiive oil is cheapest on the healthiest cost per calorie basis. Frozen veggies are cheaper than fresh on the cost per healthy basis as more nutrients are preserved than in so called fresh veggies. If you compared just the cost per calorie of red peppers to that of chicken the difference is huge!
While beans may appear cheaper on a cost per protein calorie basis, that math fails as only a fraction of the protein in most plant based products is bioavailable.
I have actually spent too much time analyzing this to the point that I could eat 2,200 calories of somewhat healthy (well healthier than 85% of people on the SAD) for 1 dollar per person per day.
I was thinking about this last night as I ate my sautéed chicken gizzards and livers. The cost $1 per pound. The are super nutrient dense and contain super healthy fats with lots and lots of protein.
If you look at chicken breasts you will see that out of 400 calories only about 120 calories is protein (about 30 grams). I need a minimum of 80 grams of animal based protein to live healthy per day.
Yeah, I have spent way too much time thinking about this!
*(super hint --- eggs are generally the cheapest cost per healthy calorie and I can often buy them as loss leaders for $1 per dozen (about 1100 calories per dozen))