Fair enough! I had asked my question mostly because figuring out what issue needs to be addressed, and how to address it - while also trying to juggle schooling, socializing, "responsibility" for the kid (like, the kid's responsibilities), and usual parent-child dynamics I feel like makes it hard to get the boat turned around. Boat referring to the entire complex situation that has put a kid in the situation like the one that OP worked through. And in the meantime, there's still some amount of daily life going on. OP, I have no issue if you don't answer, but the first steps in those situations seem to be the hardest, and in your original posts you were open about the defiance/avoidance every morning/day, and that some initial changes weren't promising right away. So what were some key things that helped?
For OS#2 - It took a long time to get the boat turned around. We tried home schooling i.e. teen was home alone during the day working on home schooling assignments and we'd follow up in the evening. That did not work a single day. It was a potentially good program based on what we received (books, websites, other materials). DW and I discussed all sorts of solutions including becoming a single income household so she could stay home with OS#2. Things got dark there for a while and we worried alot about our teen's mental health and emotional health. Our stress levels were through the roof.
We tried counseling. Good counselor. OS#2 didn't want to talk about anything.
Teen got into a deep rut for over a year. Sleep patterns were all over the place. Diet was terrible and picky. They were isolating themselves from their peers. LOTS of non-shooter video games. LOTS of music. LOTS of movies. Teen made benign friends online to game with. Our older offspring gets much credit for helping with the younger one. They bonded over teen pop culture stuff. Slowly things began to improve over the course of a year or more.
DW and I spent alot of time with them doing activities. Bike rides, movies, music, shopping trips, etc. Teen was very fickle about some topics. Anxious about others.
Meanwhile our boomer parents were losing their minds. One pair thought heavy discipline was the right path. And none of them know our kids as well as they think they do.
Then we all agreed (DW, OS#2, and myself) that OS#2 would return to day school. Home school was never really an option to OS#2. Remember fickle? Enough isolation I guess. So they started back to school.
We scheduled a meeting with the school counselor and key teachers and came away with an individual teaching plan. OS#2 was included in every step of the way. Saw that we all cared about them. Plan included a "safe room" (study room) where OS#2 could go if they were stressed or felt bullied - even if they missed a class doing so. There was tutoring available. Basically a study hall for a bunch of kids that needed a little help. Neither of our kids had any problems with bullies aside from perhaps a couple of isolated episodes thankfully. The school system here has gotten that mostly right. It was a huge problem for DW and me back in the day so we were always sensitive to the problem but that's a story for another post.
Academic help was offered with flexible due dates and opportunities to correct papers to get caught up. I think the opportunity to correct papers and improve grades helped create a good learning feedback loop. A chance to see where the mistakes were.
It benefited OS#2 to see the teachers and counselors as regular people and not just school authoritarians to fear. Once the ball was rolling all things academic and social fell into place. We were cautiously optimistic for a long while.
We met again with the school early this school year and ended the IEP. It served its purpose. Somehow OS#2 did not repeat a year. OS#2 still credits the teachers and counselors today with a big part of this success. They can still go to any of them and ask for help but haven't needed it.
OS#2 looked at the kids in their classes who were most likely going to college and decided thought "I want to be one of them" - and they are. Their friend group gets huge credit here too. The group do a good job of being close but not too close. Silly and caring. There are a dozen or so kids in the group ranging from smart and mainstream to very LGBTQ+ and awkward. And all of them come to our house from time to time for game night or movie and pizza night. We're thankful and eager to give them over the family room.
At home we went through some very busy times and we have pushed OS#2 to go outside of their comfort zone often. Try new foods (picky eater), new activities (outdoorsy stuff with us and friends), help us with these DIY home projects, help me help repair their very MMM-ish car.
We talked ALOT about everything. Family stuff, extended family stuff, religion, history, money, future choices stuff, MMM type stuff. and these weren't lectures but conversations. We talked about things our boomer parents wouldn't dare discuss back in the day, probably still wouldn't. ;)
I have a good relationship with OS#2 now (didn't always), DW has a great one b/c DW is OS#2's go to parent for alot of topics OS#2 would not be comfortable talking to me about. I'm so thankful for DW and OS#1 too.
I'm the parent that does X/Y/Z activities with OS#2 and DW is the parent OS#2 shares those quiet teenage topics with. The first kiss or news of a big crush. Or those awkward teenage questions. I still hear about it discretely from DW of course. Its a good fit for our family dynamics.
So what is the right strategy for anyone but our kid? I have no idea. I have a few broad brush ideas.
Perhaps pull your kid closer. Renew your relationship. Talk. Alot. Listen. Alot. Let them lead the way a little. Make suggestions to them. Sports? Community league sports or school district sports? Scouts? Co-ed scouts (Venturing Scouts)? Volunteering? A project for them that you do together (build or refurbish a go-cart, mtn biking or bike touring together). Garden? Give the family dog a bath? Start small.
Sneak up on that cynical teenage brain and surprise it with something that doesn't completely suck. Mine loves music now. New music and old music and music I would have described as mine until my teen decided it was their music. ;) They love to play me their music on the car stereo via bluetooth. They'll go places with me if I let them play me music. And occasionally I surprise them by knowing the lyrics (some of the lyrics) to their music that is actually my music. Or... Our music. I can't sing and they think it is funny how bad I sound. I'm a terrible singer I know.
How much talk? Whatever they will allow you to do. Or just spend time with them. Together but not necessarily in deep conversation. More do and less talk instead.
Ask the school for help. Hard work is an important lesson but I think a kid needs a few "wins" if they feel like they are some kind of failure or if they feel "broken". Or maybe they feel like they are way behind the other kids and feel like they can never catch up.
My assumption is an unhappy kid is a kid with an unfulfilled need that they may not be able to identify either. Maybe as the adult you can get creative and make suggestions. Enable them to participate in some activity. A million years ago I was a kid that wanted to do stuff but the home support wasn't there (disinterested parents) and my friend network wasn't strong enough that I could ask anyone else to get me somewhere or pick me up b/c we lived too far out of town. Or - - - maybe I thought the support wasn't there but it was and I was too afraid to ask enough. I'm reconsidering my history alot lately.
I don't have alot of concrete answers as we are still working on OS#1 who is having a hard time "adulting" but we have had some recent successes. ADHD figures in heavily. OS#1 is working a new job away from home and this seems to be helping. I'm more like OS#1 and for me it was the military that helped the most but it was tough b/c undiagnosed ADHD/ADD. I mean my parents knew but they didn't tell me until about two weeks ago.
Meanwhile on the topic of ADHD I ran across some stuff on Reddit that I'm reading casually (i.e. not as medical fact) that indicates ADHD folks are often late bloomers. Yeah, that's been my experience and I think that describes OS#1 too.
Also the basic discussion there in the support groups has been great. I'm just lurking and reading. The "parents' of ADHD kids" discussion offered me some different perspectives on *perhaps* my parents' experiences back in the day. Food for thought. And yeah, I'm aware of confirmation bias. ;)