I guess i never felt they had to have Economical Value when we decided to have 4. Never-the-less some interesting views here.
http://finance.yahoo.com/blogs/daily-ticker/why-your-kids-are--economically-worthless-200304196.html
Hmmm. I can add family stories to this idea:
My grandmother just died at 100 years old, so she grew up after the time that's discussed in the article, so she didn't personally see children working in factories, but kids in her generation were expected to work on the family farm. When she was born 100 years ago, a big family was still an economic asset to a farmer. Her own father was always disappointed that he had only two girls, and he was forced to hire his nephews and cousins' children to help him work the land. He was a rich man (in a rural farming community) because he owned a lot of land and built himself a nice house, but he was definitely held back by his lack of sons.
My grandmother also says that when parents died (or even just a mother died), men in my grandfather's situation were often anxious to adopt male children. By that she didn't mean formally adopt; rather, it was fairly common for families just to "take in" children in need of a home.
That "benefit" sometimes was too much. One family stories include one tale about a woman who literally worked herself to death. She had something like 8 children already, and while she was expecting the 9th, her husband died. Unable to hire help, she was trying to do her own work and her husband's work, and the result was that she had the baby early and both she and the baby died within a week. The children (and my grandfather was one of the youngest) were farmed out to relatives. I don't know why extended family didn't help her -- likely something's been lost over time.
One thing the article doesn't mention is that people "back in the day" had to have 10 children if they expected to raise 3-4 to adulthood. For example, one of my elderly relatives used to talk about the terrible winter in which her family began with a mother, father, five kids . . . and by spring they had only a father and two kids. Influenza is a terrible thing.
Even today, it's not against the law for children to work on the family farm. Where I live, even today, the boys are all absent during haymaking.
I question the idea that it costs as much as the article claims to raise a child, but I do agree with the premise that children today are economically worthless but emotionally priceless.