For Mustachian woodworking, you really should buy and read Chris Schwarz's Anarchists Tool Chest.
In terms of small tools, I agree with Chris on most of the hand tools but some modern power hand tools might also make sense (power drills and jigsaw in place of a brace and bowsaw).
That said, I'd highly recommend also getting one of the small Dwealt table saws with stand, and their power plainer!
You might also get a drill press and 14" bandsaw - you'll need hand tools though & the book is great for walking you through that.
If your not so interested in handwork, a table saw, chop saw & Festool Domino 500 is a very good way of doing high quality but simple projects (casework, coffee tables, ect).
Do you have any examples of the projects you want to do? That will determine tools to some extent. Also how much room you have is a good question. I'd expect to spend maybe 5k over a few years to get solidly into woodworking, but you may need to spend 1-2k initially to tool up.