Certainly some interesting ideas, though some will be difficult to make happen (the idea of saving 50% of his income is one).
In the end, my biggest challenges have been instilling solid money habits into my kids, despite best efforts. I'm assuming your kiddo is your first, so you've not yet gotten to the point in your life where you are the dumbest person they know (happens as early as 7-8 but certainly by the time they are teens and then they realize how smart you are by about 25).
So a lot of my aspects around things like the first point, were using systems that saved my sanity, understanding that I cannot control another person. To learn money management we provide a $5/week allowance (increases to $10 when they turn 12) which runs from when they start wanting/asking for things (usually around 3-4) and ceases at 18. It is based on a book First National Bank of Dad, that I read back in the 90s and have used with all my kids. Many friends or acquaintances have tried it and loved it as well. At first they get money but once they master basic interest, you move them to stocks, usually around 8-10 years of age for our kids (somewhat, it is still money, but tracked in stocks). We give them 5% interest per month (60% APR). This allows them to learn compounding by really seeing it. Basically once you get a little nuts on the interest (at one point I was paying my son $50+/month in interest on his $1,000+ balance) you move them to stocks, which you calculate at 1/100th of the actual value. The name of the process is because their "account" is in some software (we do ours in YNAB as a category for each kid) that you manage as their bank. You pay them interest, provide their balance and maintain their transactions. We did not do anything like make them pay for normal things as you propose (haircuts, basic clothes, food), but yes if they wanted a toy or candy or extra clothes that we did not feel they needed, their only choice was their bank account. No money in the bank account, no purchase. Beyond some basic rules (they cannot buy drugs or weapons) you have no say in what they spend this money on. If they want to buy something the only questions is "Do you have enough in your bank account?" If they do, just like when you want something, they can buy it. When it breaks or they lose it, they learn not to buy shoddy products or learn responsibility. For the first few years you are likely not paying any interest because they spend it as fast as they get it. But it is amazing how fast they learn to evaluate product quality or start making decision. By 5 or 6 they were pretty good. By 7-8 they put a lot of adults to shame (that was how my son got $1,000+ because he never felt anything was worth buying). Once they convert to stocks as their account value then they are not earning interest. I will be honest, none of my kids did much once they stock thing happened, they just collected their allowance and spent it or whatever, so that did not work as well, but it still limited their whining. So I'd recommend something like that for the allowance. It stopped a lot of grumbling.
Giving them the option to help (running some of your budget) is great, but some (most?) kids have zero interest. Making money management punitive is the best way I know to make sure once they are free of you that they will suck at money. This really becomes a "you can lead a horse to water but you can't make them drink". It is very similar to someone who has a spouse who has no interest in FI. It's not a fun process to try to force them and it usually ends in utter failure. Therefore I'm unsure how you can really make anything other than your first point happen. Can they be aspirational goals? Yes.
I cannot "make" my kids work, because slavery was abolished a while back. I can make it hard if they do not, but not paying for anything but the basics, but I still have kids who choose not to work, even in college and even with the prospect very clearly set before them that they have few options if they cannot afford their tuition but to drop out. I have once child who is on the brink of that next school year, but she refuses to work as it is "too hard" to do while attending school. Just because you are Mustachian will not make them Mustachian, anymore than just because you like baseball they will like baseball. The odds may be higher that they will, but in the end, they have their own wills, and I will tell you, the exercise them in the most unexpected ways. Life will teach them. My oldest is not in college because she used up all the savings we had and now she works in fast food and has no intent of going to college. I tried very hard to change that path. She moved out at 18 and has never looked back. She's making adult decisions and is supporting herself, which is what we are trying to teach our kids to do. Could she do other things and could she have made different choices? Yup. But she seems happy. She had a car that was failing and she clearly does not want to go to college, so last month we gave her a choice. She could dip into the college savings we are adding for her and instead use it for a car, but then it's not there for college. She chose to do that. It's a big example of First National Bank of Dad. It is money that was earmarked for her, and we were willing to give her another option for it. Not one we'd really take for ourselves but we are not living her life.