I am no expert, but it seems to me that a delaminated sole should be covered under warranty. I know teva isn't as good about the quality and warranty stuff as Chaco used to be, but it seems like that should still fall pretty solidly under the manufacturing defect umbrella. Also, I think you can get a shoe store that deals in them to ship them for you for warranty issues. I would ask around, particularly at the place you bought them. Outdoor gear companies tend to have stellar service , and high customer expectations for this kind of stuff.
I would not use the shoe goo. Between re-soling and new straps, you could potentially use the same pair of sandals for the rest of your life, and the shoe goo might interfere with getting them fixed by Chaco. I also would probably not bring them to a local cobbler, for the same reasons as I wouldn't want to use the shoe goo.