Got a few more ideas, but I'm still suggesting trees because shrubs - while the can be used as screeners/dividers - tend to take up SO MUCH YARD and you also have to shape them or trim them or you get crazy overgrown shrubbery. I hate that look. I hate spending hours out there basically shaving up things to look nice and neat.
I could suggest you take a look at oleanders... the are lovely when planted in a line and they'd definitely grow at least 12 foot height. But they also can be poisonous to animals or small kids that chew things (not sure how attractive/tasty they are to kids/animals, but still). But I had bad luck with oleanders myself and they're so fussy getting them established they just pissed me off. They are not supposed to be fussy at all, so it likely was me/bad luck/bad time to plant/sick plants.... they supposedly have a "easy/no fuss" reputation. But wouldn't hurt to ask a nursery pro in your area about them. The are DEFINITELY fast growers and tend to stay in their own lane growth wise (they'll get large, but they are not "shrubby" plants - long branches with thin smooth edge leaves up the lengths very upright habit).
So wanted to suggest also checking out dogwoods or redbud trees. They tend to not get HUGE (at least the cultivars I remember when I lived in that planting zone) but can get to around 20-30 foot so still respectable tree size.
We had a row of dogwoods in my front yard growing up that never topped over 20 foot and didn't spread hardly at all, but that may have been more from being neglected than their cultivar. (my father was NOT good about maintaining things). It looks like they don't do well in full sun, so likely that was part of the problem with ours, and based off your photos, likely not a great candidate for the area you'd want to use.
I remember redbuds being lovely with large heart-shaped leaves and the buds are so pretty, but the eastern redbud (my fave) might be too large for what you'd like tho.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/redbud/caring-for-redbud-trees.htmSo maybe ask about ( talk to someone in a real tree nursery in your area to see better suggestions?):
DWARF VARIETY:Cercis Canadensis 'JN2'
Rising Sun Redbud
Mature Height: 8-12 ft.
Mature Width: 6-8 ft.
Sunlight: Full Sun
Growth Rate: Moderate
REGULAR CULTIVAR:Cercis canadensis
Eastern Redbud (this is what I grew up with)
Mature Height: 20-30 ft.
Mature Width: 10-15 ft.
Sunlight: Full-Partial
Growth Rate: Moderate
Bird-friendly maybe a Yaupon Holly? Hardy to zone 9, bonus is that it's an evergreen so no bare branches - leaves all year! It tends to need a little light pruning sometimes, berries are pretty and attract birds (and deer if you have that issue but with those fences, likely not). Large cultivars can get upwards of 30 foot tall. Dwarf variety as small as 3-4 foot (so would want to make sure you're getting a larger but not too large one !) I have had one called Pride of Houston - lovely but was used as a feature in a flower bed so can't totally confirm the screening capabilities but it grew FAST. I think planting 2-3 of this size a few feet apart would be a lovely screen if you didn't want a tree planting in the area.
https://www.thespruce.com/yaupon-holly-growing-profile-3269333