I put rain pants over my work pants and then remove the rain pants when I get to work. However, I live in Seattle (much warmer than New England). A colleague leaves his work pants on hanger at work and wears non-dressy walking pants to and from the office.
I know companies make synthetic pants for playing golf in that may be dressy enough for work. They dry quickly but they are usually breathable. You could layer with a moisture wicking, warm, and windproof base layer to make up for the breathability of the pants.
My brother owns an outdoor store, and he sells a brand called Mountain khakis. They're not cheap ($75-100), but they are warm, very durable, and nice enough to wear to work.
Tactical pants may be a good option. They're super tough, water resistant, and dress up pretty nice. Downside is they're a bit pricey (but will last a long time).5.11 and Tru-spec are good brands, if you're interested. Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk
Check out Bluff Works online. DH & DS really like them. Tactical fabric, nice dressy cut, wash & wear with no ironing.